AI in the Fields: Revolutionizing Agriculture With Smart Technology

AI and robotics are transforming agriculture, making it more sustainable and efficient through targeted interventions in crop management.

Researchers from the University of Bonn are revolutionizing farming by leveraging AI and new technologies to increase efficiency and sustainability. In a recent paper, published in the European Journal of Agronomy, the researchers have outlined key research questions that must be addressed to advance the smart digitization of agriculture.

The Modern Agricultural Challenge

Modern, high-performance agriculture has enabled the Earth to feed over eight billion people. However, this success comes with significant environmental costs. Current cultivation methods are endangering biodiversity, synthetic fertilizers contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, and agricultural chemicals are contaminating bodies of water and the wider environment.

Many of these issues can be mitigated through more precise agricultural methods. For example, applying herbicides only where weeds are problematic rather than across entire fields can reduce chemical use. Similarly, treating only diseased crops and applying fertilizers where truly needed can optimize resource use. However, such strategies are complex and challenging to implement on a large scale using traditional methods.

________________________________________________________________________

Read Also : ‘Great concern’ as study finds microplastics in human placentas

________________________________________________________________________

Embracing Smart Technologies

“One answer could be to use smart digital technologies,” explains Hugo Storm, a member of the PhenoRob Cluster of Excellence. The University of Bonn has partnered with Forschungszentrum Jülich, the Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing in Sankt Augustin, the Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research in Müncheberg, and the Institute of Sugar Beet Research in Göttingen on the large-scale project geared toward making farming more efficient and more environmentally friendly using new technologies and artificial intelligence (AI).

The team includes experts from various disciplines, including ecology, plant sciences, soil sciences, computer science, robotics, geodesy, and agricultural economics. In their paper, they outline the steps they consider a priority in the short term. “We’ve identified a few key research questions,” Storm says. One of these relates to monitoring farmland to spot any nutrient deficiency, weed growth, or pest infestations in real-time. Satellite images provide a rough overview, while drones or robots enable more detailed monitoring. The latter can cover a whole field systematically and even record the condition of individual plants in the process. “One difficulty lies in linking all these pieces of information together,” says Storm’s colleague Sabine Seidel, who coordinated the publication together with him: “For example, when will a low resolution be sufficient? When do things need to get more detailed? How do drones need to fly in order to achieve maximum efficiency in getting a look at all the crops, particularly those at risk?”

________________________________________________________________________

Also Read: 9 foods to add to your child’s diet to help them sleep better

________________________________________________________________________

Data Integration and Analysis

The data obtained provides a picture of the current situation. However, farmers are primarily interested in comparing the various potential strategies and their impacts. Questions like the tolerable amount of weeds, necessary fertilizer amounts, and the consequences of reducing pesticide use require precise answers. “To answer questions like these, you have to create digital copies of your farmland, as it were,” Seidel explains. “There are several ways to do this. Something that researchers still need to find out is how to combine the various approaches to get more accurate models.” Suitable methods also need to be developed to formulate recommendations for action based on these models. Techniques borrowed from  UNCULTIVATED FOOD: FOOD THAT MONEY CAN’T BUY,

________________________________________________________________________

In their paper, the researchers from PhenoRob also use examples to demonstrate what current technologies are already capable of. For instance, a “digital twin” of areas under cultivation can be created and fed a steady stream of various kinds of data with the help of sensors, e.g. to detect root growth or the release of gaseous nitrogen compounds from the soil.

“In the medium term, this will enable levels of nitrogen fertilizer being applied to be adapted to crops’ needs in real time depending on how nutrient-rich a particular spot is,” Stachniss adds. In some places, the digital revolution in agriculture is already closer than one might think.

Reference: “Research priorities to leverage smart digital technologies for sustainable crop production” by Hugo Storm, Sabine Julia Seidel, Lasse Klingbeil, Frank Ewert, Harry Vereecken, Wulf Amelung, Sven Behnke, Maren Bennewitz, Jan Börner, Thomas Döring, Juergen Gall, Anne-Katrin Mahlein, Chris McCool, Uwe Rascher, Stefan Wrobel, Andrea Schnepf, Cyrill Stachniss and Heiner Kuhlmann, 6 April 2024, European Journal of Agronomy.
DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2024.127178

The PhenoRob Cluster of Excellence is home to researchers from the University of Bonn, Forschungszentrum Jülich, the Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems (IAIS) in Sankt Augustin, the Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research in Müncheberg and the Institute of Sugar Beet Research in Göttingen. The project is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG).

 

NOTE – This article was originally published in scitechdaily and can be viewed here

 

Tags: #agriculture, #crop, #environment, #farmer, #farming, #fertilizers, #getgreengetgrowing, #gngagritech, #greenstories, #plantsciences, #soil, #sustainability, #Technology, #water